I just got an 18i8 that didn't power on, presumably as a result of a similar mistake. Looks like the design of the 18i8 is quite similar to the 6i6. Symptom is that the "+V" (input) rail was shorted to ground, causing the AC adapter to go into overcurrent protect mode. I traced the problem to a zener diode that had failed short, D23 on the 18i8 (seems to be a 15V zener diode, marked PH C15). Removing the diode neuters the overvoltage protection, but enables the unit to power on. Not sure what the label for that diode is on the 6i6, but it looks like the zener in question is basically directly under the power switch, near the edge of the board.
Some other notes that others might find useful:
The DC to DC converters are all made by MPS. U8 (+48V) and U25 (+6V9 and -6V9) are MPQ3425 and are marked MPGC 3425 388. U41 (+3V3) was harder to track down (had to look up parts on digikey and look at datasheets to compare against how the chips on the board are actually wired up), but it appears to be MP2227. The important part of the marking for MP2227 is the "7U", the full marking on mine is 7UGB 244, but presumably the GB and 244 refer to date codes, lot codes, etc. and likely can vary from device to device. Looks like on the 6i6, +3v3 is provided by U9, also an MP2227. The other two converters look very similar in how they're wired up, so they're probably also the same design - an inverting topology for -6v9 and a boost topology for +48v, both likely using the MPQ3425.
The bipolar +6v9/-6v9 is actually rather interesting. There isn't an example schematic for that in the MPQ3425 datasheet; I might have to trace it out and figure out how it works. The +48v supply looks like the +48v design from the MPQ3425 datasheet, followed by a CLC filter.
Also, that black box near the power switch connector is a common mode choke. It's marked L21 on the 18i8; none of the pictures of the 6i6 show the label.