How to confirm room modes:
In a hypothetical room with the dimensions (X) 5 x (Y) 4 x (Z) 3 meters (and assuming rigid boundaries and no openings), you would expect to find these modal frequencies below 100 Hz:
Freq. - Mode
34,30 - 1,0,0
42,88 - 0,1,0
54,91 - 1,1,0
57,17 - 0,0,1
66,67 - 1,0,1
68,60 - 2,0,0
71,46 - 0,1,1
79,26 - 1,1,1
80,90 - 2,1,0
85,75 - 0,2,0
89,30 - 2,0,1
92,36 - 1,2,0
99,06 - 2,1,1
These can be confirmed by placing a speaker in one corner (in order to excite all modes *) and then playing each frequency whilst walking around and identifying the nodes and anti-nodes (dips and peaks) for each mode. Taking the first axial mode related to the length (X 5 m) 1.0.0 for instance; you would hear the tone loud at the entire area of the two short walls (the 4 x 3 m areas) and a null in the middle of the room. You will not hear any significant change in amplitude as you move in the Y or Z axis (from long wall to long wall, or up and down). If you play for example the frequency corresponding to the 2,1,0 mode (81 Hz assuming the theoretical model is spot on; not the case in real life naturally but often not that far off assuming rectangular room and solid walls), you´ll find two nodes (nulls) along the X axis (length) and one node in the Y axis. Etc etc.
So; why do we need to know this?
Suppose that you´ve manage to build a couple of highly efficient (high Q) membrane absorbers that you want to use to tame the long decay of 34 Hz seen in our hypothetical measurements. If you only care about the areas of high pressure variation, you could mistakenly assume that placing these panels along the long walls (but close to the short walls) might be a good place since you heard the 34 Hz mode loud in these areas, but since 34 Hz is due to the axial mode related to the short walls (4x3 m areas): 1.0.0, the panels will have little or no effect on the 1.0.0 mode if not placed on these areas.
Finally; what about if your measurement shows a resonant frequency lower that the theoretical first mode of your room? If one or more of your walls are not solid and heavy, they will let some low frequencies through. Exactly which once depends on the complex acoustic impedance of the wall. If you play this low frequency and discover that you have a high pressure variation (high amplitude) at the front wall, but little pressure at the rear wall; you might find that if you continue outside of your room, you might find the other high pressure zone (assuming axial mode) at a solid boundary located behind your rooms rear wall. If you´ve discovered the first axial mode using the front wall of your room and an external solid wall outside of your room, trying to combat this mode by placing panels on the rear wall (of the 5x4x3 room) might be a pointless exercise since there’s no or little pressure variation close to this surface for this mode.
EDIT:
* Exception might be if the speaker is placed against one or two lossy walls and there´s modes caused by coupled spaces.